The amount of EVs contained in R:STEM (EM1-500) or commercial xeno-free medium was measured using CD9/CD63 ELISA kit.

(Mann-Whitney U test, *p<0.05)

Adipose-derived hMSCs were cultured in three lots of R:STEM (EM1-500) from Passage 2 to Passage 4, and the cell proliferation capacity was evaluated based on the population doubling level (PDL) and population doubling time (PDT) calculated over time for cells in Passage 4.

Adipose-derived hMSCs were cultured using R:STEM（EM1-500）, commercially available AOF medium, or commercially available xeno-free medium from Passage 2 to Passage 4, and the cell proliferation capacity was evaluated based on the population doubling level (PDL) and population doubling time (PDT) calculated over time for cells, and the cell status was observed.

(Kruskal-Wallis test, n.s.)

Adipose-derived hMSCs were cultured in R:STEM (EM1-500) from Passage 2 to Passage 4, and MSC-related surface markers (positive markers CD73, CD90, and CD 105: >95%; negative markers CD11b, CD34, CD45, and HLADR: <2%) specified by the International Society for Cell Therapy were analyzed by flow cytometry for cells in Passage 4.

Adipose-derived hMSCs were cultured in R:STEM (EM1-500) from Passage 2 to Passage 4, and differentiation of cells in Passage 4 into fat, bone, and chondrocytes was induced. Differentiation was assessed by oil red O staining, alizarin red staining, and alcian blue staining.

Adipose-derived hMSCs were cultured in R:STEM (EM1-500) from Passage 2 to Passage 4, and after staining of the cells in Passage 4 by G-banding, karyotyping was performed on eight cells selected randomly.

Adipose-derived hMSCs were cultured in R:STEM (EM1-500) or commercially available AOF media from Passage 2 to Passage 4, and the amount of EVs contained in the culture supernatant was measured by CD9/CD63 ELISA kit and ExoCounter when cells from Passage 4 were cultured.

(Mann-Whitney U test, *p<0.05)

Adipose-derived hMSCs were cultured in R:STEM (EM1-500), commercially available AOF media, or commercially available xeno-free medium from Passage 2 to Passage 4, and the amount of HGF contained in the culture supernatant was measured by HGF ELISA kit when cells from Passage 4 were cultured .

(Steel's test, *p<0.05)

Umbilical cord–derived hMSCs were cultured using R:STEM (EM1-500), commercially available AOF medium, or commercially available xeno-free medium from Passage 2 to Passage 4, and the cell proliferation capacity was evaluated based on the population doubling level (PDL) calculated over time for cells, and the cell status was observed.

(Kruskal-Wallis test, n.s.)

Umbilical cord–derived hMSCs were cultured in R:STEM (EM1-500) from Passage 2 to Passage 4, and MSC-related surface markers (positive markers CD73, CD90, and CD 105: >95%; negative markers CD11b, CD34, CD45, and HLADR: <2%) specified by the International Society for Cell Therapy were analyzed by flow cytometry for cells in Passage 4.

Umbilical cord–derived hMSCs were cultured in R:STEM (EM1-500) or commercially available AOF media from Passage 2 to Passage 4, and the amount of EVs contained in the culture supernatant was measured by CD9/CD63 ELISA kit and ExoCounter when cells from Passage 4 were cultured.

(Mann-Whitney U test, *p<0.05)

Umbilical cord–derived hMSCs were cultured in R:STEM (EM1-500) or commercially available AOF media, and commercially available Xeno-free medium from Passage 2 to Passage 4, and the amount of HGF contained in the culture supernatant was measured by HGF ELISA kit when cells from Passage 4 were cultured.

(Steel's test, *p<0.05)